Indasteri ea lik'hemik'hale tse ntle ke indasteri e akaretsang le e sebelisang theknoloji haholo. Ke tšimo e ntseng e hola indastering ea lik'hemik'hale, 'me hape ke e 'ngoe ea masimo a ntseng a hola ka matla indastering ea lik'hemik'hale kajeno. Ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea thepa e ncha. Lihlahisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale tse ntle li na le mefuta e mengata, boleng bo phahameng bo ekelitsoeng, lits'ebetso tse pharaletseng le kamano e kholo ea indasteri, e sebeletsang ka kotloloho liindasteri tse ngata tsa moruo oa naha le masimo a fapaneng a liindasteri tsa theknoloji e phahameng.

一.精细化工行业概况

(1) Tlhophiso ea indasteri

Indasteri ea lik'hemik'hale tse ntle hangata e arotsoe ka indasteri ea lik'hemik'hale tse ntle tsa setso le indasteri e ncha ea lik'hemik'hale tse ntle ho latela masimo a fapaneng a ts'ebeliso. Har'a tsona, lihlahisoa tse emelang lik'hemik'hale tse ntle tsa setso ke chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana, lidae le lipente, jj., tse seng li ntse li hola. Lik'hemik'hale tse ncha tse ntle haholo li kenyelletsa li-additives tsa lijo, likhomaretsi, li-agent tsa khase, li-surfactants, li-additives tsa petrochemical, lik'hemik'hale tsa baeloji, lik'hemik'hale tsa elektroniki le tse ling. Lintlha tse qaqileng ke tse latelang:

(2) Litšobotsi tsa sehlahisoa

Lik'hemik'hale tse ntle li tla ka mefuta e mengata, ho kenyeletsoa metsoako e seng ea tlhaho, metsoako ea tlhaho, li-polymer le metsoako ea tsona. Litšobotsi tse tloaelehileng tsa theknoloji ea tlhahiso ke:

(3) Maano a amanang le indasteri

Lilemong tsa morao tjena, mmuso o ntshitse maano a ho tshehetsa indasteri ya dikhemikhale tse ntle le ho kgothaletsa ntshetsopele ya dikhemikhale tse tala, tse nang le khabone e tlase le tse chitja. Ka Hlakubele 2021, Morero wa Dilemo tse Hlano wa bo 14 o ile wa amohelwa ke kopano ya bone ya Kongerese ya Batho ya Naha ya bo 13, e sisinyang ho matlafatsa theknoloji ya baeloji, thepa e ntjha, tshireletso ya tikoloho e tala le diindasteri tse ding, ho kgothaletsa ntshetsopele ya dihlopha tse tswetseng pele tsa tlhahiso, ho potlakisa ntshetsopele ya dikhemikhale tse tala, tse nang le khabone e tlase le tse chitja, le ho ntlafatsa ka botlalo bokgoni ba tshebediso ya mehlodi. Maano a ka hodimo a kgothaletsa ntshetsopele e phetseng hantle le e potlakileng ya indasteri ya dikhemikhale tse ntle le moruo o chitja. Maano le dikahare tse ikgethang ke tse latelang:

二.Maemo a Marakeng

(1) Boholo ba 'maraka

Chaena e nka ntshetsopele ya indasteri ya dikhemikhale e le ya bohlokwa haholo, e leng e nngwe ya ditsela tsa bohlokwa tsa ntshetsopele ya indasteri ya dikhemikhale hajwale. Ho ya ka dipalopalo tsa Lefapha la Dipalopalo la Naha, boleng bohle ba tlhahiso ya diindasteri ya indasteri ya dikhemikhale e ntle bo eketsehile ho tloha ho diyuan tse dibilione tse 1,267.421 ka 2008 ho ya ho diyuan tse dibilione tse 4,3990.50 ka 2017, ka karolelano ya kgolo ya selemo le selemo ya dikompone ya 14.83%. Ho ya ka tlhahisoleseding ya setjhaba, boleng bohle ba tlhahiso ya indasteri ya dikhemikhale e ntle ya China ka 2021 bo fetile diyuan tse dibilione tse 5.5, mme ho lebelletswe hore bo fete diyuan tse dibilione tse 11 ka 2027. Sekgahla sa indasteri ya dikhemikhale e ntle United States, European Union le Japane se haufi kapa se ka hodimo ho 60%, mme China e rera ho phahamisa sekgahla ho ya ho 55% ka 2025.

(2) Tlhahlobo ea karohano ea 'maraka

1. Boholo ba 'maraka oa indasteri

Ho tloha phetohong le ho buleheng ha tsona, ho susumetsoang ke leano la naha le nts'etsopele ea temo, indasteri ea rona ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana e entse tsoelo-pele e kholo. Hammoho le khōlo e butle-butle ea sistimi ea indasteri ea lik'hemik'hale ea lehae le ntlafatso e tsoelang pele ea sistimi ea ts'ebeliso ea katoloso ea saense le theknoloji ea temo, indasteri ea rona ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana e thehile tekanyo e kholo. Hona joale, indasteri ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana ea Chaena e thehile sistimi ea indasteri e felletseng e kenyeletsang lipatlisiso tsa saense le nts'etsopele, lisebelisoa tse tala, li-intermediate, tlhahiso ea meriana e sebetsang le ts'ebetso ea litokisetso. Ho na le likhoebo tse fetang 2,000 tsa tlhahiso ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana, ho kenyeletsoa likhoebo tse fetang 500 tsa meriana e sebetsang le likhoebo tse fetang 1,500 tsa litokisetso, tse ka hlahisang mefuta e fetang 700 ea lithethefatsi tse sebetsang le mefuta e fetang 40,000 ea litokisetso. Ka nako e ts'oanang ho fihlela litlhoko tsa temo ea lehae, empa hape 'marakeng oa machabeng o na le boemo ba bohlokoa. Setsi sa Lipatlisiso sa Indasteri ea Khoebo sa China se bolela esale pele hore chelete e kenang ea thekiso ea indasteri ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana ea lik'hemik'hale ea Chaena e tla fihla ho li-yuan tse libilione tse 262.33 ka 2023.