Molao-motheo oa ho hlobola

Ho hlobola ke tšebeliso ea lik'hemik'hale ho senya dae e holim'a faeba le ho e etsa hore e lahleheloe ke 'mala oa eona.
Ho na le mefuta e 'meli e meholo ea metsoako ea lik'hemik'hale ea ho hlobola. E 'ngoe ke metsoako ea ho hlobola e fokotsang, e finyellang morero oa ho fela kapa ho fetola 'mala ka ho senya tsamaiso ea 'mala sebopehong sa limolek'hule tsa dae. Mohlala, lidae tse nang le sebopeho sa azo li na le sehlopha sa azo. E ka fokotsoa ho ba sehlopha sa amino 'me ea lahleheloa ke 'mala oa eona. Leha ho le joalo, tšenyo ea moemeli ea fokotsang tsamaisong ea 'mala ea lidae tse itseng e ka fetoloa, kahoo ho fela ho ka tsosolosoa, joalo ka tsamaiso ea 'mala ea sebopeho sa anthraquinone. Sodium sulfonate le phofo e tšoeu li sebelisoa hangata e le metsoako ea ho peeling e fokotsang. E 'ngoe ke metsoako ea ho hlobola e nang le oxidative, eo har'a eona e sebelisoang haholo ke hydrogen peroxide le sodium hypochlorite. Tlas'a maemo a itseng, li-oxidant li ka baka tšenyo ho lihlopha tse itseng tse etsang tsamaiso ea 'mala oa limolek'hule tsa dae, joalo ka ho bola ha lihlopha tsa azo, ho oxidation ha lihlopha tsa amino, methylation ea lihlopha tsa hydroxy, le karohano ea li-ion tse rarahaneng tsa tšepe. Liphetoho tsena tsa sebopeho tse ke keng tsa fetoloa li fella ka ho fela kapa ho felisoa ha 'mala oa dae, kahoo ka khopolo-taba, moemeli oa ho hlobola oxidative o ka sebelisoa bakeng sa kalafo e felletseng ea ho hlobola. Mokhoa ona o sebetsa haholo bakeng sa didae tse nang le sebopeho sa anthraquinone.

Ho hlobola dae ho tloaelehileng

2.1 Ho hlobola didae tse arabelang

Dae efe kapa efe e arabelang e nang le metsoako ea tšepe e lokela ho belisoa pele ka tharollo ea moetso oa chelating oa tšepe o nang le polyvalent (2 g/L EDTA). Ebe u hlatsoa hantle ka metsi pele ho phekolo ea ho fokotsa alkaline kapa ho tlosa oxidation. Ho hlobola ho felletseng hangata ho phekoloa mochesong o phahameng metsotso e 30 ka alkali le sodium hydroxide. Kamora hore ho peeling ho tsosolosoe, hlatsoa hantle. Ebe e soeufalitsoe ka tharollo ea sodium hypochlorite. Mohlala oa ts'ebetso:
Mehlala ea ts'ebetso ea ho hlobola e tsoelang pele:
Lesela la ho daea → tharollo e fokotsang mapheo (caustic soda 20 g/l, soluene 30 g/l) → 703 ho fokotsa mouoane oa mouoane (100℃) → ho hlatsoa → ho omisa

Mohlala oa mokhoa oa ho daea ho petsoha ha vat:

Lesela le nang le bothata ba 'mala→reel→2 metsi a chesang→2 caustic soda (20g/l)→8 'mala o peeling (sodium sulfide 15g/l, 60℃)4 metsi a chesang→2 moqolo oa metsi a batang→Ts'ebetso ea ho soeufatsa boemo ba sodium hypochlorite e tloaelehileng (NaClO2.5 g/l, e beoa metsotso e 45).

2.2 Ho hlobola didae tsa sebabole

Masela a dailoeng ka dae ea sebabole hangata a lokisoa ka ho a phekola ka tharollo e se nang letho ea sesebelisoa sa ho fokotsa (6 g/L sodium sulfide e matla ka botlalo) mochesong o phahameng ka ho fetisisa ho fihlela ho petsoha ha karolo ea lesela le dailoeng pele le dauoa hape. Maemong a boima, sodium hypochlorite kapa sodium hypochlorite e lokela ho sebelisoa.
Mohlala oa ts'ebetso
Mohlala oa 'mala o bobebe:
Ka hare ho lesela → ho kolobisa le ho pitikisa haholoanyane (sodium hypochlorite 5-6 grams litres, 50 ℃) → 703 steamer (metsotso e 2) → ho hlatsoa ka metsi a feletseng → ho omisa.

Mohlala o lefifi:
Lesela le sa phethahalang ka 'mala → ho phutholla oxalic acid (15 g/l ho 40°C) → ho omisa → ho phutholla sodium hypochlorite (6 g/l, 30°C metsotsoana e 15) → ho hlatsoa le ho omisa ka botlalo

Mehlala ea lits'ebetso tsa sehlopha:
55% sodium sulfide e kristale: 5-10 g/l; molora oa soda: 2-5 g/l (kapa 36°BéNaOH 2-5 ml/l);
Mocheso 80-100, nako 15-30, karolelano ea bate 1:30-40.

2.3 Ho hlobola lidae tsa asiti

Pheha metsotso e 30 ho isa ho e 45 ka metsi a ammonia (2O ho isa ho 30 g/L) le sesebelisoa sa ho kolobisa sa anionic (1 ho isa ho 2 g/L). Pele o phekola ammonia, sebelisa sodium sulfonate (10 ho isa ho 20 g/L) mochesong oa 70°C ho thusa ho qeta ho peolla. Qetellong, mokhoa oa ho tlosa oxidation o ka boela oa sebelisoa.
Tlas'a maemo a asiti, ho eketsa surfactant e khethehileng ho ka boela ha ba le phello e ntle ea ho petsoha. Hape ho na le tse sebelisang maemo a alkaline ho petsoha 'mala.

Mohlala oa ts'ebetso:
Mehlala ea ts'ebetso ea 'nete ea ho peela silika:

Fokotsa, ho hlobola le ho soeufatsa (molora oa soda 1g/L, ho eketsa ka ho bataletseng O2g/L, phofo ea sebabole 2-3g/L, mocheso 60℃, nako 30-45min, karolelano ea bate 1:30) → kalafo ea pele ho media (ferrous sulfate heptahydrate) 10g/L, 50% hypophosphorus acid 2g/L, formic acid adjust pH 3-3.5, 80°C bakeng sa metsotso e 60)→hlatsoa (80°C hlatswa metsotso e 20)→oxidation stripping le bleaching (35% hydrogen peroxide 10mL/L, pentacrystalline sodium silicate 3-5g/L, mocheso 70-8O℃, nako 45-90min, pH value 8-10)→hloekisa

Mohlala oa mokhoa oa ho hlobola ulu:

Nifanidine AN: 4; Oxalic acid: 2%; Phahamisa mocheso ho fihlela o bela ka metsotso e 30 mme o o boloke o le boemong ba ho bela metsotso e 20-30; ebe o o hlwekisa.

Mohlala oa mokhoa oa ho hlobola nylon:

36°BéNaOH: 1%-3%; sephara hammoho le O: 15%-20%; sesepa sa maiketsetso: 5%-8%; karolelano ea bate: 1:25-1:30; mocheso: 98-100°C; nako: 20-30min (ho fihlela e fetoha 'mala kaofela).

Kamora hore 'mala oohle o eboloe, mocheso o fokotseha butle-butle, 'me o hlatsuoa hantle ka metsi, ebe alkali e setseng ho nylon e tlosoa ka botlalo ka 0.5mL/L acetic acid ho 30°C metsotso e 10, ebe e hlatsuoa ka metsi.

2.4 Ho hlobola didae tsa vat

Ka kakaretso, tsamaisong e kopaneng ea sodium hydroxide le sodium hydroxide, dae ea lesela e fokotseha hape mochesong o phahameng. Ka linako tse ling hoa hlokahala ho eketsa tharollo ea polyvinylpyrrolidine, joalo ka BASF's Albigen A.

Mehlala ea ts'ebetso ea ho hlobola e tsoelang pele:

Lesela la ho daea → tharollo e fokotsang mapheo (caustic soda 20 g/l, soluene 30 g/l) → 703 ho fokotsa mouoane oa mouoane (100℃) → ho hlatsoa → ho omisa

Mohlala oa ts'ebetso ea ho peeling nako le nako:

Pingping plus O: 2-4g/L; 36°BéNaOH: 12-15ml/L; Sodium hydroxide: 5-6g/L;

Nakong ea kalafo ea ho hlobola, mocheso ke 70-80℃, nako ke metsotso e 30-60, 'me karolelano ea ho hlapa ke 1:30-40.

2.5 Ho hlobola didae tse hasaneng

Mekhoa e latelang hangata e sebelisoa ho tlosa lidae tse hasaneng holim'a polyester:

Mokhoa oa 1: Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate le carrier, e phekoloa ka 100°C le pH4-5; phello ea kalafo e bohlokoa haholo ho 130°C.

Mokhoa oa 2: Sodium chlorite le formic acid li sebetsoa ka 100°C le pH 3.5.

Sephetho se setle ka ho fetisisa ke kalafo ea pele e lateloang ke kalafo ea bobeli. Ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang, daea botšo bo feteletseng ka mor'a kalafo.

2.6 Ho hlobola didae tsa cationic

Hangata ho tlosa didae tse hasaneng hodima polyester ho sebedisa mekgwa e latelang:

Ka bateng e nang le monoethanolamine ea 5 ml/lithara le sodium chloride ea 5 g/lithara, e phekole ha e bela ka hora e le 'ngoe. Ebe u e hloekisa, ebe u e soeufatsa ka bateng e nang le sodium hypochlorite ea 5 ml/L (chlorine e fumanehang ea 150 g/L), sodium nitrate ea 5 g/L (sethibela-mafome), 'me u fetole pH ho 4 ho isa ho 4.5 ka asiti e nang le asiti. Metsotso e 30. Qetellong, lesela le phekoloa ka sodium chloride sulfite (3 g/L) ho 60°C metsotso e 15, kapa 1-1.5 g/L ea sodium hydroxide ho 85°C metsotso e 20 ho isa ho e 30. 'Me qetellong u e hloekise.

Ho sebedisa sesepa sa ho hlwekisa (0.5 ho isa ho 1 g/L) le tharollo e belang ya asetiki ho phekola lesela le dailweng ka pH ya 4 ka dihora tse 1-2 le hona ho ka fihlella phello ya ho petla hanyane.
Mohlala oa ts'ebetso:
Ka kopo sheba mohlala oa 5.1 oa ho sebetsana le 'mala oa lesela le lohiloeng ka acrylic.

2.7 Ho hlobola lidae tsa azo tse sa qhibiliheng

5 ho isa ho 10 ml/litara ea 38°Bé caustic soda, 1 ho isa ho 2 ml/litara ea dispersant e tsitsitseng mochesong, le 3 ho isa ho 5 g/litara ea sodium hydroxide, hammoho le 0.5 ho isa ho 1 g/litara ea phofo ea anthraquinone. Haeba ho na le sodium hydroxide e lekaneng le caustic soda, anthraquinone e tla etsa hore mokelikeli o hlobolang o be mofubelu. Haeba o fetoha mosehla kapa o sootho, caustic soda kapa sodium hydroxide e lokela ho eketsoa. ​​Lesela le hlobolisitsoeng le lokela ho hlatsuoa hantle.

2.8 Ho petla pente

Pente e thata ho e tlosa, hangata ho sebelisoa potassium permanganate ho e tlosa.

Mohlala oa ts'ebetso:

Lesela le nang le sekoli sa ho daea → ho phutholla potassium permanganate (18 g/l) → ho hlatswa ka metsi → ho phutholla oxalic acid (20 g/l, 40°C) → ho hlatswa ka metsi → ho omisa.

Ho hlobola li-agent tse sebelisoang khafetsa tsa ho qetela

3.1 Ho hlobola moemeli oa ho lokisa

Sesebediswa sa ho lokisa Y se ka tloswa ka molora o monyane wa soda mme ha eketswa O; sesebediswa sa ho lokisa sa polyamine cationic se ka tloswa ka ho belisa ka asiti ya acetic.

3.2 Ho tlosoa ha oli ea silicone le senolofatsi

Ka kakaretso, di-softeners di ka tloswa ka ho hlatswa ka sesepa sa ho hlatswa, mme ka dinako tse ding molora wa soda le sesepa sa ho hlatswa di a sebediswa; di-softeners tse ding di lokela ho tloswa ka formic acid le surfactant. Mokgwa wa ho tlosa le maemo a tshebetso di ka lekolwa ka sampole.

Oli ea silicone e thata ho e tlosa, empa ka sesebelisoa se khethehileng sa ho belisoa, tlas'a maemo a matla a alkaline, ho belisa ho ka sebelisoa ho tlosa boholo ba oli ea silicone. Ehlile, tsena li ka etsoa liteko tsa sampole.

3.3 Ho tlosoa ha sesebelisoa sa ho qeta resin

Sehlahisoa sa ho qeta resin hangata se tlosoa ka mokhoa oa ho ntsha asiti ka mouoane le ho hlatsoa. ​​Mokhoa o tloaelehileng ke: tharollo ea asiti ea padding (khakanyo ea asiti ea hydrochloric ea 1.6 g/l) → ho bokella (metsotso e 85 ℃ 10) → ho hlatsoa ka metsi a chesang → ho hlatsoa ka metsi a batang → ho omisa ka omileng. Ka mokhoa ona, resin e holim'a lesela e ka tlosoa mochining o tsoelang pele oa ho hleka le ho soeufatsa.

Molao-motheo le theknoloji ea tokiso ea moriti

4.1 Molao-motheo le theknoloji ea ho lokisa mabone a mebala
Ha moriti oa lesela le dailoeng o sa fihlelle litlhoko, o hloka ho lokisoa. Molao-motheo oa tokiso ea moriti ke molao-motheo oa 'mala o setseng. 'Mala o bitsoang o setseng, ke hore, mebala e 'meli e na le litšobotsi tsa ho ntša ka bobeli. Lipara tse setseng tsa mebala ke: bofubelu le botala, lamunu le boputsoa, ​​le mosehla le pherese. Mohlala, haeba leseli le lefubelu le le boima haholo, u ka eketsa pente e tala e nyane ho e fokotsa. Leha ho le joalo, 'mala o setseng o sebelisoa feela ho lokisa leseli la 'mala ka bongata bo bonyenyane. Haeba bongata bo le boholo haholo, bo tla ama botebo le ho hlaka ha 'mala, 'me tekanyo e akaretsang ke hoo e ka bang lg/L.

Ka kakaretso, masela a dae a arabelang a thatafalloa ho lokisoa, 'me masela a dae a daetsoeng a pitsa a bonolo ho lokisoa; ha masela a sebabole a lokisoa, ho thata ho laola moriti, hangata ho sebelisoa masela a pitsa ho eketsa le ho ntša mebala; masela a tobileng a ka sebelisoa bakeng sa litokiso tse eketsehileng, empa bongata ba 'ona e lokela ho ba ka tlase ho 1 g/L.

Mekhoa e sebelisoang hangata ea ho lokisa moriti e kenyelletsa ho hlatsoa ka metsi (e loketseng ho daea masela a felileng ka mebala e lefifi, mebala e phaphametseng haholoanyane, le ho lokisa masela ka ho hlatsoa le ho se fafatse ka sesepa ho sa khotsofatseng), ho hlobola ho bobebe (sheba mokhoa oa ho hlobola dae, maemo. E bobebe ho feta mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho hlobola), ho phunya alkali ka mouoane (e sebetsang ho lidae tse utloang alkali, tseo boholo ba tsona li sebelisetsoang lidae tse arabelang; joalo ka lesela le letšo le daeang le tšoanang le 'mala oa KNB joalo ka leseli le leputsoa, ​​​​u ka phunya soda e lekaneng ea caustic, e tlatselletsoang ka ho phunya le ho hlatsoa ka sephara ho fihlela morero oa ho bonesa leseli le leputsoa), sesebelisoa sa ho soeufatsa pad (se sebetsang ho leseli le lefubelu la masela a felileng a daetsoeng, haholo-holo bakeng sa masela a felileng a daetsoeng ka lidae tsa vat, 'mala o ba moholo ha' mala o le mahareng kapa o bobebe. Bakeng sa ho fela ha 'mala o tloaelehileng, ho ka nahanoa ka ho soeufatsa hape, empa ho soeufatsa ha hydrogen peroxide e lokela ho ba mokhoa o ka sehloohong oa ho qoba liphetoho tse sa hlokahaleng tsa 'mala.), ho soeufatsa pente, jj.
4.2 Mohlala oa ts'ebetso ea ho lokisa moriti: mokhoa oa ho tlosa oa ho daea dae ka mokhoa o arabelang

4.2.1 Tankeng ea pele ea ho hlatsoa e bataletseng ea gridi tse hlano ea mochini oa sesepa o fokotsang, eketsa 1 g/L e bataletseng ebe u eketsa O ho bela, ebe u etsa ho hlatsoa ho bataletseng, ka kakaretso 15% e sa tebang.

4.2.2 Litankaneng tse hlano tsa pele tsa ho hlatsoa tse bataletseng tsa mochini o fokotsang sesepa, eketsa lg/L flat le flat O, 1mL/L glacial acetic acid, 'me u fetise mochini mochesong oa kamore ho etsa hore leseli la lamunu le be bobebe ka 10%.

4.2.3 Ho kenya metsi a soeufatsang a 0.6mL/L ka tankeng e phuthollang ya mochini o fokotsang metsi, le lebokose la mouoane mochesong wa kamore, dikarolo tse pedi tsa pele tsa tanka ya ho hlatswa ha di ntshe metsi, dikarolo tse pedi tsa ho qetela di hlatsuwa ka metsi a batang, karolo e le nngwe e hlatsuwa ka metsi a chesang, ebe di hlatsuwa ka sesepa. Bongata ba metsi a soeufatsang bo fapane, mme botebo ba ho soeufatsa le bona bo fapane, mme mmala wa ho soeufatsa o fokola hanyane.

4.2.4 Sebelisa 10L ea hydrogen peroxide ea 27.5%, 3L ea stabilizer ea hydrogen peroxide, 2L ea 36°Bé caustic soda, 1L ea sesepa sa 209 ho 500L ea metsi, e phehele ka mouoane ka mochining o fokotsang, ebe u eketsa O ho pheha, sesepa ebe u pheha. 15%.

4.2.5 Sebelisa 5-10g/L ea baking soda, mouoane ho tlosa 'mala, hlatsoa le ho belisa ka sesepa, e ka ba bobebe ka 10-20%, 'me 'mala o tla ba putsoa ka mor'a ho hlobola.

4.2.6 Sebelisa 10g/L caustic soda, ho hlobola ka mouoane, ho hlatsoa le ho sefa sesepa, e ka ba bobebe ka 20%-30%, 'me khanya ea' mala e lefifi hanyane.

4.2.7 Sebelisa mouoane oa sodium perborate oa 20g/L ho tlosa 'mala, o ka bang bobebe ka 10-15%.

4.2.8 Sebelisa hydrogen peroxide ea 27.5% 1-5L mochining oa ho daea oa jig, tsamaisa liphase tse 2 ho 70℃, sampole, 'me u laole khatello ea hydrogen peroxide le palo ea liphase ho latela botebo ba' mala. Mohlala, haeba botala bo lefifi bo feta liphase tse 2, bo ka ba bo sa tebang ho fihlela halofo ho isa halofong. Hoo e ka bang 10%, moriti ha o fetohe hakaalo.

4.2.9 Kenya 250mL ea metsi a soeufatsang ka har'a 250L ea metsi ka har'a mochini oa ho daea oa jig, tsamaea ka litsela tse 2 mochesong oa kamore, 'me e ka tlosoa e sa tebang ho fihlela ho 10-15%.

4.2.1O e ka eketsoa ka mochining oa ho daea oa jig, eketsa O le ho peeling ha molora oa soda.

Mehlala ea ts'ebetso ea ho lokisa liphoso tsa ho daea

5.1 Mehlala ea ts'ebetso ea 'mala oa lesela la acrylic

5.1.1 Lipalesa tse mebala e bobebe

5.1.1.1 Phallo ea ts'ebetso:

Lesela, surfactant 1227, asiti ea asetiki → metsotso e 30 ho isa ho 100°C, ho boloka mocheso metsotso e 30 → 60°C ho hlatsoa ka metsi a chesang → ho hlatsoa ka metsi a batang → ho futhumatsa ho fihlela ho 60°C, ho kenya dae le asiti ea asetiki bakeng sa ho e tšoara metsotso e 10 → ho futhumatsa butle-butle ho fihlela ho 98°C, ho boloka mocheso metsotso e 40 → butle-butle ho theohela ho 60°C ho hlahisa lesela.

5.1.1.2 Foromo ea ho hlobola:

Setlolo sa ho tjhesa metsi 1227: 2%; asiti ya asetiki 2.5%; karolelano ya bate 1:10

5.1.1.3 Foromo ea ho daea e khahlanong le 'mala:

Didae tsa cationic (tse fetotsoeng ho foromo ea ts'ebetso ea pele) 2O%; asiti ea acetic 3%; karolelano ea bate 1:20

5.1.2 Lipalesa tse mebala e lefifi

5.1.2.1 Tsela ea ts'ebetso:

Lesela, sodium hypochlorite, asiti ea acetic → e futhumatsang ho fihlela ho 100°C, metsotso e 30 → ho hlatsoa ka metsi a pholileng → sodium bisulfite → 60°C, metsotso e 20 → ho hlatsoa ka metsi a futhumetseng → ho hlatsoa ka metsi a batang → 60°C, kenya dae le asiti ea acetic → butle-butle eketsa mocheso ho fihlela ho 100°C, boloka o futhumetse metsotso e 4O → Fokotsa mocheso butle-butle ho fihlela ho 60°C bakeng sa lesela.

5.1.2.2 Foromo ea ho hlobola:

Hypochlorite ea sodium: 2O%; asiti ea asetiki 10%;

Karolelano ea bate 1:20

5.1.2.3 Foromo ea chlorine:

Sodium bisulfite 15%

Karolelano ea bate 1:20

5.1.2.4 Foromo ea ho daea e hanyetsanang le 'mala

Lidae tsa cationic (tse fetotsoeng ho mokhoa oa pele oa ts'ebetso) 120%

Asiti ea asetiki 3%

Karolelano ea bate 1:20

5.2 Mohlala oa kalafo ea ho daea lesela la nylon

5.2.1 Lipalesa tse mebala e menyenyane

Ha phapang ea botebo ba 'mala e le 20%-30% ea botebo ba ho daea ka boeona, ka kakaretso 5%-10% ea boemo hammoho le O e ka sebelisoa, karolelano ea bate e tšoana le ea ho daea, 'me mocheso o pakeng tsa 80 ℃ le 85 ℃. Ha botebo bo fihla ho hoo e ka bang 20% ​​ea botebo ba ho daea, butle-butle eketsa mocheso ho fihlela ho 100°C 'me u o boloke o futhumetse ho fihlela dae e monngoa ke faeba ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang.

5.2.2 Palesa e mebala e itekanetseng

Bakeng sa meriti e mahareng, mekhoa ea ho tlosa karolo e itseng e ka sebelisoa ho eketsa dae botebong ba pele.

Na2CO3 5%-10%

Eketsa O 1O%-l5% ka botlalo

Karolelano ea bate 1:20-1:25

Mocheso 98℃-100℃

Nako: metsotso e 90-metsotso e 120

Ka mora hore 'mala o fokotsehe, lesela le hlatsuoa ka metsi a chesang pele, ebe le hlatsuoa ka metsi a batang, ebe qetellong le dauoa.

5.2.3 Phetoho e tebileng ea 'mala

Tshebetso:

36°BéNaOH: 1%-3%

Sephara hammoho le O: 15% ～20%

Sesepa sa maiketsetso: 5%-8%

Karolelano ea bate 1:25-1:30

Mocheso 98℃-100℃

Nako: metsotso e 20-metsotso e 30 (ho fihlela ho fetoha ha mmala kaofela)
Kamora hore mmala oohle o tlosoe, mocheso o fokotseha butle-butle, ebe o hlatsuoa hantle ka 0.5 mL ea asiti ea acetic ho 30°C metsotso e 10 ho felisa alkali e setseng ka botlalo, ebe o hlatsuoa ka metsi ho daea hape. Mebala e meng ha ea lokela ho dauoa ka mebala ea mantlha kamora hore e tlosoe. Hobane 'mala oa motheo oa lesela o fetoha mosehla o bobebe kamora hore o tlosoe. Tabeng ena, 'mala o lokela ho fetoloa. Mohlala: Kamora hore 'mala oa kamele o hlobolisoe ka botlalo, 'mala oa bokamorao o tla ba mosehla o bobebe. Haeba 'mala oa kamele o dauoa hape, 'mala o tla ba moputsoa. ​​Haeba u sebelisa Pura Red 10B, e lokise ka mosehla o bobebe o monyenyane 'me u o fetole hore e be 'mala oa succurrent ho boloka moriti o khanya.

setšoantšo

5.3 Mohlala oa kalafo ea ho daea lesela la polyester

5.3.1 Lipalesa tse mebala e menyenyane,

Sehlahisoa sa ho lokisa lipalesa kapa sehlahisoa sa ho lekanya mocheso o phahameng sa 1-2 g/L, se futhumatse hape ho fihlela ho 135°C metsotso e 30. Dae e eketsehileng ke 10%-20% ea tekanyo ea pele, 'me boleng ba pH ke 5, e leng se ka felisang' mala oa lesela, letheba, phapang ea moriti le botebo ba 'mala, 'me phello e tšoana hantle le ea swatch e tloaelehileng ea lesela la tlhahiso.

5.3.2 Likotsi tse tebileng

Sodium chlorite 2-5 g/L, asetiki 2-3 g/L, methyl naphthalene 1-2 g/L;

Qala kalafo ho 30°C, futhumatsa ho tloha ho 2°C/min ho isa ho 100°C metsotso e 60, ebe o hlatsoa lesela ka metsi.

5.4 Mehlala ea kalafo ea liphoso tse tebileng ho daeeng masela a k'hothone ka lidae tse arabelang

Phallo ea ts'ebetso: ho hlobola → oxidation → ho daea khahlanong le ho daea

5.4.1 Ho taboha ha mmala

5.4.1.1 Lethathamo la mokhoa oa ho etsa kopo:

Phofo ea inshorense 5 g／L-6 g／L

Ping Ping e nang le O 2 g／L-4 g／L

38°Bé caustic soda 12 mL／L-15 mL／L

Mocheso 60℃-70℃

Karolelano ea bate l: lO

Nako metsotso e 30

5.4.1.2 Mokhoa le mehato ea ts'ebetso

Kenya metsi ho latela karolelano ea bate, eketsa O e seng e lekantsoe, caustic soda, sodium hydroxide, le lesela mochining, bulela mouoane 'me u eketse mocheso ho fihlela ho 70°C, 'me u tlose 'mala metsotso e 30. Kamora ho e tlosa, ntša metsi a setseng, hlatsoa habeli ka metsi a hloekileng, ebe u ntša metsi.

5.4.2 Ho ntsha oksijene

5.4.2.1 Taelo ea ts'ebetso

3O%H2O2 3 mL／L

38°Bé caustic soda l mL／L

Sehatsetsi 0.2mL/L

Mocheso 95℃

Karolelano ea bate 1:10

Nako metsotso e 60

5.4.2.2 Mokhoa le mehato ea ts'ebetso

Kenya metsi ho latela tekanyo ea ho hlapa, eketsa li-stabilizer, caustic soda, hydrogen peroxide le lintho tse ling tse tlatsetsang, bulela mouoane 'me u eketse mocheso ho 95°C, u e boloke metsotso e 60, ebe u theola mocheso ho 75°C, ntša metsi 'me u kenye metsi, eketsa 0.2 soda, hlatsoa metsotso e 20, ntša metsi; sebelisa Hlatsoa ka metsi a chesang ho 80°C metsotso e 20; hlatsoa ka metsi a chesang ho 60°C metsotso e 20, 'me u hlatsoe ka metsi a batang a phallang ho fihlela lesela le pholile ka botlalo.

5.4.3 Ho lokisa lintho tse sa batleheng

5.4.3.1 Taelo ea ts'ebetso

Lidae tse arabelang: 30% x% ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebetso ea pele

Phofo ea Yuanming: 50% Y% ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebetso ea pele

Molora oa soda: 50% z% ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebetso ea pele

Karolelano ea bate l: lO

Mocheso ho latela mokhoa oa pele

5.4.3.2 Mokhoa le mehato ea ts'ebetso
Latela mokhoa le mehato e tloaelehileng ea ho daea.

Selelekela se sekhutšoanyane sa mokhoa oa ho hlobola mebala oa lesela le kopantsoeng

Didae tse hasaneng le tse nang le asiti di ka hlohlorwa ka karolo e itseng ho tloha lesela le kopantsweng la diacetate/boya ka 3 ho isa ho 5% ya alkylamine polyoxyethylene ho 80 ho isa ho 85°C le pH 5 ho isa ho 6 metsotso e 30 ho isa ho e 60. Kalafo ena e ka boela ya tlosa didae tse hasaneng ka karolo e itseng ho tloha karolong ya acetate metswakong ya faeba ya diacetate/nylon le diacetate/polyacrylonitrile. Ho hlobola didae tse hasaneng ka karolo e itseng ho tloha ho polyester/polyacrylonitrile kapa polyester/boya ho hloka ho bediswa ka sesebediswa ho fihlela dihora tse 2. Ho eketsa digrama tse 5 ho isa ho tse 10/litara ya sesepa se seng sa ionic le digrama tse 1 ho isa ho tse 2/litara ya phofo e tshweu hangata ho ka ntlafatsa ho hlohlorwa ha difaeba tsa polyester/polyacrylonitrile.

Sesepa sa anionic sa 1 g/L; 3 g/L se thibelang dae ea cationic; le 4 g/L ea sodium sulfate nakong ea ho bela le pH ea 10 metsotso e 45. E ka tlosa lidae tsa alkaline le asiti hanyane lesela le kopantsoeng la polyester le daeloang ke nylon/alkaline.

1% sesepa se seng sa ionic; 2% se thibelang dae ea cationic; le 10% ho isa ho 15% ea sodium sulfate nakong ea ho belisa le pH 5 metsotso e 90 ho isa ho e 120. Hangata e sebelisoa bakeng sa ho hlobola ulu/fiber ea polyacrylonitrile.

Sebelisa ligrama tse 2 ho isa ho tse 5/litara ea caustic soda, le ligrama tse 2 ho isa ho tse 5/litara ea sodium hydroxide, ho hloekisa ka mocheso oa 80 ho isa ho 85°C, kapa tharollo e itekanetseng ea alkaline ea phofo e tšoeu ho 120°C, e ka fumanoang ho tsoa ho polyester/cellulose. Lidae tse ngata tse tobileng le tse arabelang li tlosoa motsoakong.

Sebelisa phofo e tšoeu ea 3% ho isa ho 5% le sesepa sa anionic ho phekola metsotso ea 4O-6O mochesong oa 80℃ le pH4. Lidae tse hasantsoeng le tse nang le asiti li ka tlosoa ho diacetate/polypropylene faeba, diacetate/boea, diacetate/nylon, nylon/polyurethane, le khoele e nang le texture ea nylon e daeloang ke asiti.

Sebelisa 1-2 g/L sodium chlorite, e belise hora e le 'ngoe ho pH 3.5, ho hlobola didae tse hasaneng, tsa cationic, tse tobileng kapa tse arabelang ho tswa lesela le kopantsweng la cellulose/polyacrylonitrile. Ha o hlobola masela a kopantsweng a triacetate/polyacrylonitrile, polyester/polyacrylonitrile, le polyester/cellulose, sesepa se loketseng sa ho jara le sesepa se seng sa ionic se lokela ho eketsoa.

Lintho tse lokelang ho nahanoa ka tlhahiso

7.1 Lesela le lokela ho hlahlojoa ka sampole pele le ebola kapa ho lokisa mmala.
7.2 Ho hlatsoa (metsi a batang kapa a chesang) ho lokela ho matlafatsoa ka mora hore lesela le tabolwe.
7.3 Ho hlobola moriri ho lokela ho ba ha nako e kgutshwane mme ho lokela ho phetwa ha ho hlokahala.
7.4 Ha ho hlobolwa, maemo a mocheso le ditlatsetso a tlameha ho laolwa ka thata ho latela thepa ya dae ka boyona, jwalo ka ho hanyetsa oxidation, ho hanyetsa alkali, le ho hanyetsa chlorine bleach. Ho thibela bongata bo feteletseng ba ditlatsetso kapa taolo e sa lokelang ya mocheso, e leng se fellang ka ho petsoha kapa ho petsoha ho feteletseng. Ha ho hlokahala, tshebetso e tlameha ho etswa qeto ka ho beha di-stakeout.
7.5 Ha lesela le tabohile hanyane, maemo a latelang a tla etsahala:
7.5.1 Bakeng sa kalafo ea botebo ba 'mala oa dae, 'mala oa dae o ke ke oa fetoha haholo, ke botebo ba 'mala feela bo tla fetoha. Haeba maemo a ho hlobola 'mala a hlahlobiloe, a ka fihlela litlhoko tsa sampole ea 'mala ka botlalo;
7.5.2 Ha lesela le dailoeng ka didae tse pedi kapa ho feta tse nang le tshebetso e tshwanang le hlobolwa hanyane, phetoho ya mmala e nyane. Hobane dae e hlobolwa feela ka tekanyo e tshwanang, lesela le hlobotsweng le tla hlaha feela Diphetoho botebong.
7.5.3 Bakeng sa kalafo ea masela a daeang ka mebala e fapaneng ka botebo ba 'mala, hangata ho hlokahala ho hlobola mebala le ho e daea hape.