N,N-Dimethylaniline

E boetse e tsejoa e le dimethyl tiphenylamine, e se nang 'mala ho isa mokelikeli o mosehla o nang le oli e khanyang, o monko o hlabang, o bonolo ho oxidize moeeng kapa tlas'a letsatsi le ho sebelisa ze darkened. Relative density (20 ℃ / 4 ℃) 0.9555, freezing point 2.0 ℃, boiling point 193 ℃, flash point (opening) 77 ℃, flash point 317 ℃, viscosity (25 ℃) 1.528mpa-4,528D index . E qhibiliha ka har'a ethanol, ether, chloroform, benzene le metsoako e meng ea tlhaho. E qhibiliha ka mefuta e fapaneng ea metsoako ea manyolo. E qhibiliha hanyane ka metsing. E ea cha 'me e tla cha ha ho ka hlaha lelakabe le bulehileng. Mouoane le moea li tla etsa motsoako o phatlohang o nang le moeli o phatlohang oa 1.2% ~ 7.0% (vol). E na le chefo e ngata, 'me khase ea aniline e chefo e lokolloa ke ho bola ha matla a mocheso a phahameng. E ka kenngoa ka letlalo 'me ea baka chefo, LD501410mg/kg, tekanyo e phahameng e lumelletsoeng moeeng ke 5mg/m3.
Mokhoa oa ho boloka
1.Litlhokomeliso tsa Polokelo[25] Boloka ka tlung ea polokelo e pholileng, e nang le moea o motle. Qoba hole le mehloli ea mollo le mocheso. Boloka setshelo se tiisitsoe. E lokela ho bolokoa ka thoko ho li-acids, halogens, le lik'hemik'hale tse jeoang, 'me ha ho mohla e tsoakiloeng. Ho hlomelloa ka mefuta e fapaneng le bongata ba lisebelisoa tsa ho tima mollo. Sebaka sa polokelo se lokela ho ba le lisebelisoa tsa phekolo ea tšohanyetso bakeng sa ho lutla le lisebelisoa tse loketseng tsa bolulo.

2. Amohela moqomo oa tšepe o tiisitsoeng, 180kg ka moqomo o mong le o mong, 'me u o boloke sebakeng se pholileng se nang le moea o pholileng. Boloka le ho tsamaisa ho latela melao ea thepa e tukang le e chefo.
mokhoa oa ho kopanya
1. E fumanoa ka karabelo pakeng tsa aniline le methanol ka boteng ba sulfuric acid ka mocheso o phahameng le khatello e phahameng. Phallo ea ts'ebetso:1. 790kg ea aniline, 625kg ea methanol, 85kg ea sulfuric acid (ammonium 100%) e kenngoa ka kettle ea karabelo, mocheso oa taolo 210-215 ℃, khatello ea 3.1MPa, e arabela bakeng sa 4h, ebe e lokolla khatello, thepa e ntšoa karohano, e fokolisitsoeng ke 30% sodium hydroxide, static, le letsoai le tlase la quaternary ammonium le arohane. Ebe ho 160 ℃, 0.7-0.9MPa hydrolysis reaction bakeng sa 3h, lihlahisoa tsa hydrolysis le karolo e ka holimo ea thepa e mafura e kopantsoeng ka ho hlatsoa ka mor'a hore ho be le vacuum distillation ea sehlahisoa se felileng.

2. Ho sebelisa methanol le aniline e le lisebelisoa tse tala, e entsoe ke alumina catalyst tlas'a boemo ba 200-250 ℃ ka methanol e feteletseng le khatello ea sepakapaka. Tekanyo ea tšebeliso ea thepa e tala: aniline 790kg/t, methanol 625kg/t, sulfuric acid 85kg/t. Tokisetso ea laboratori e ka sebetsana le aniline ka trimethyl phosphate.

3, aniline le methanol e tsoakiloeng (n aniline: n methanol ≈ 1: 3), 'me ka pompo ea metering e sa phekoleheng e kentsoeng ka lebelo la moea la 0.5h-1 ka har'a setsi se nang le sesebelisoa, ho tsoa ho tsoa pele ho khalase. karohano ea mokelikeli oa khase, karohano e ka tlas'a mokelikeli o bokelletsoeng ka linako tse tloaelehileng e tlosoa bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea chromatographic.

Ka 2001, Univesithi ea Nankai le Tianjin Ruikai Technology Development Co., Ltd. ka kopanelo ba ile ba theha aniline methylation catalyst e sebetsang hantle haholo, 'me ba hlokomela motsoako oa khase oa N,N-dimethyl aniline. Ts'ebetso e tjena: Aniline ea metsi e kopantsoe le methanol, e entsoe mouoane ka har'a tora ea mouoane, ebe e kenngoa ka har'a mochine o motlakase o nang le lebelo la moea oa 0.5-1.0h-1 (bethe e tsitsitseng ea mochine o motlakase o na le nano e tletseng. -solid catalyst), 'me e tsoela pele ho hlahisoa ho 250-300 ℃ tlas'a khatello ea sepakapaka, ka tlhahiso ea DMA e fetang 96%.

Mokhoa oa ho hloekisa: Hangata e na le litšila tse kang aniline le N-methyl aniline. N,N-dimethylaniline e qhibiliha ka 40% ea sulfuric acid 'me e hloekisoa ke mouoane oa metsi. Sodium hydroxide e eketsoa ho e etsa alkaline. The distillation e tsoela pele ka mouoane oa metsi. Distillate e arotsoe ka likarolo tse nang le metsi 'me e omisitsoe ka potassium hydroxide. Tloaelehileng khatello ea distillation e etsoa ka pel'a acetic anhydride. Distillate e hlatsuoa ka metsi ho tlosa mesaletsa ea acetic anhydride, e omisitsoeng ka potassium hydroxide, e lateloe ke barium oxide, 'me e silafatsoe tlas'a khatello e fokotsehileng ka pel'a metsi a naetrojene. Mekhoa e meng ea ho hloekisa distillate e kenyelletsa ho eketsa 10% acetic anhydride le refluxing ka lihora tse 'maloa ho tlosa li-amine tsa mantlha le tsa bobeli. Ka mor'a ho pholile, ho feta 20% hydrochloric acid e kenngoa 'me e ntšoa ka ether. Lera la hydrochloric acid le alkaline le alkaline ebe le ntšoa ka ether, 'me lesela la ether le omisitsoe ka hydroxide ea potasiamo le ho silafatsoa tlas'a khatello e fokotsehileng tlas'a molapo oa naetrojene. N, N-dimethylaniline e ka boela ea fetoloa letsoai la picric acid, la tsosolosoa ho ea sebakeng se tsitsitseng sa ho qhibiliha ebe se qhibiliha ka metsi a futhumetseng a 10% a sodium hydroxide. E ntan'o ntšoa ka ether, e hlatsuoa le ho omisoa, ebe e silafatsoa tlas'a khatello e fokotsehileng.

5. Aniline, methanol le sulfuric acid e tsoakiloeng ka tekanyo, condensation reaction ka autoclave, lihlahisoa tsa karabelo ka ho hlaphoheloa ha khatello ea methanol, eketsa alkali neutralization, karohano 'me joale distillation ka ho fokotsa khatello ea ho fumana sehlahisoa.

6. N, N-dimethylaniline e ka hlahisoa ke methylation reaction ea aniline le trimethyl phosphate, ebe e ntšoa ka ether, e omisitsoeng le e silafalitsoeng.

7. N,N-dimethylaniline e ka etsoa ka bethe ea catalytic ea Ziegler catalyst tsamaisong ea koporo-manganese kapa tsamaiso ea koporo-zinc-chromium ka 280 ℃ ka motsoako oa aniline le methanol ka karolelano ea 1: 3.5. N, N-dimethylaniline e fumanoeng e ile ea bokelloa ho 193-195 ℃ ka sesebelisoa sa distillation sa li-tab tse 54 mme ea kenngoa ka libotlolong tsa khalase e sootho. Bakeng sa ho lokisa N,N-dimethylaniline e hloekileng, N,N-dimethylaniline e ka entoa ka khase ea naetrojene e le khase e tsamaisang khase ea chromatograph ea khase e nang le kholomo ea phosphate ea tšepe.