1,3-Dichlorobenzene ke mokelikeli o se nang 'mala o nang le monko o bohale. Ha e qhibilihe metsing, e qhibiliha ka har'a joala le ether. E chefo 'meleng oa motho, e halefisa mahlo le letlalo. E ka cha 'me e ka feta liketsong tsa chlorination, nitration, sulfonation le hydrolysis. E arabela ka matla le aluminium 'me e sebelisoa ho etseng lintho tse phelang.
1. Litšobotsi: mokelikeli o se nang 'mala o nang le monko o bohale.
2. Sebaka sa ho qhibiliha (℃): -24.8
3. Sebaka sa ho belisa (℃): 173
4. Boima ba 'mele (metsi = 1): 1.29
5. Boima ba mouoane bo amanang (moea = 1): 5.08
6. Khatello ea mouoane o khotše (kPa): 0.13 (12.1℃)
7. Mocheso oa ho chesa (kJ/mol): -2952.9
8. Mocheso o mahlonoko (℃): 415.3
9. Kgatelelo e mahlonoko (MPa): 4.86
10. Koefficient ea karohano ea Octanol/metsi: 3.53
11. Ntlha ea ho bonesa (℃): 72
12. Mocheso oa ho hotetsa (℃): 647
13. Moeli o ka holimo oa ho phatloha (%): 7.8
14. Moeli o tlase oa ho phatloha (%): 1.8
15. Ho qhibiliha: ha e qhibilihe metsing, e qhibiliha ka har'a ethanol le ether, 'me e qhibiliha habonolo ka har'a acetone.
16. Ho teteana (mPa·s, 23.3ºC): 1.0450
17. Sebaka sa ho hotetsa (ºC): 648
18. Mocheso oa mouoane (KJ/mol, bp): 38.64
19. Mocheso oa ho thehoa (KJ/mol, 25ºC, mokelikeli): 20.47
20. Mocheso oa ho tuka (KJ/mol, 25ºC, mokelikeli): 2957.72
21. Bokgoni bo itseng ba mocheso (KJ/(kg·K), 0ºC, mokelikeli): 1.13
22. Ho qhibiliha (%, metsi, 20ºC): 0.0111
23. Sekhahla se amanang (25℃, 4℃): 1.2828
24. Tekanyo e tloaelehileng ea refractive ea mocheso (n25): 1.5434
25. Paramethara ea ho qhibiliha (J·cm-3) 0.5: 19.574
26. Sebaka sa Van der Waals (cm2 · mol-1): 8.220×109
27. Van der Waals bophahamo ba modumo (cm3 · mol-1): 87.300
28. Tekanyetso ea mokelikeli e bolela mocheso (enthalpy) (kJ·mol-1): -20.7
29. Metsi a qhibilihang ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa mohato oa metsi (J·mol-1·K-1): 170.9
30. Tekanyetso ea mohato oa khase e bolela mocheso (enthalpy) (kJ·mol-1): 25.7
31. Entropy e tloaelehileng ea mokhahlelo oa khase (J·mol-1·K-1): 343.64
32. Matla a tloaelehileng a mahala a ho thehoa ha khase (kJ·mol-1): 78.0
33. Ho qhibiliha ho chesang ho tloaelehileng ha karolo ea khase (J·mol-1·K-1): 113.90
Mokhoa oa polokelo
Litlhokomelo bakeng sa polokelo [Boloka ntlong ea polokelo e pholileng, e nang le moea o kenang. Boloka hole le mollo le mehloli ea mocheso. Boloka setshelo se koetsoe ka thata. Se lokela ho bolokoa se arohane le lik'hemik'hale tse kotsi, aluminium le lik'hemik'hale tse jeoang, 'me u qobe polokelo e tsoakiloeng. Se hlomeletsoe ka mefuta e fapaneng le bongata bo loketseng ba lisebelisoa tsa mollo. Sebaka sa polokelo se lokela ho hlomelloa ka lisebelisoa tsa kalafo ea tšohanyetso tse lutlang le thepa e loketseng ea polokelo.
Tharollo ea tharollo:
Mekhoa ea ho lokisa ke e latelang. Ho sebelisoa chlorobenzene e le thepa e tala bakeng sa chlorination e eketsehileng, ho fumanoa p-dichlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene le m-dichlorobenzene. Mokhoa o akaretsang oa karohano o sebelisa dichlorobenzene e tsoakiloeng bakeng sa ho qhibilihisa ho tsoelang pele. Para- le meta-dichlorobenzene li qhibilihisoa ho tloha holimo ho tora, p-dichlorobenzene e qhibilihisoa ka ho hoamisa le ho etsa kristale, 'me joala ba' mè bo lokisoa ho fumana meta-dichlorobenzene. O-dichlorobenzene e qhibilihisoa ka flash tower ho fumana o-dichlorobenzene. Hona joale, dichlorobenzene e tsoakiloeng e sebelisa mokhoa oa ho qhibilihisa le ho arola, ho sebelisoa sefe ea limolek'hule e le adsorbent, 'me dichlorobenzene e tsoakiloeng ea mohato oa khase e kena tora ea adsorption, e ka monyang p-dichlorobenzene ka khetho, 'me mokelikeli o setseng ke meta le ortho dichlorobenzene. Tokiso ho fumana m-dichlorobenzene le o-dichlorobenzene. Mocheso oa ho monya metsi ke 180-200°C, 'me khatello ea ho monya metsi ke khatello e tloaelehileng.
1. Mokhoa oa ho kopanya meta-phenylenediamine: Meta-phenylenediamine e kenngoa diazotized boteng ba sodium nitrite le sulfuric acid, mocheso oa diazotization ke 0 ~ 5℃, 'me mokelikeli oa diazonium o kenngoa hydrolyzed boteng ba cuprous chloride ho hlahisa intercalation. Dichlorobenzene.
2. Mokhoa oa Meta-chloroaniline: Ho sebelisoa meta-chloroaniline e le thepa e tala, diazotization e etsoa moo ho nang le sodium nitrite le hydrochloric acid, 'me mokelikeli oa diazonium o hasoa ha ho na le cuprous chloride ho hlahisa meta-dichlorobenzene.
Har'a mekhoa e 'maloa ea ho lokisa e boletsoeng ka holimo, mokhoa o loketseng ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa indasteri le litšenyehelo tse tlase ke mokhoa oa karohano ea adsorption oa dichlorobenzene e tsoakiloeng. Ho se ho ntse ho e-na le libaka tsa tlhahiso Chaena bakeng sa tlhahiso.
Morero o ka sehloohong:
1. E sebelisoa tlhahisong ea lintho tse phelang. Karabelo ea Friedel-Crafts pakeng tsa m-dichlorobenzene le chloroacetyl chloride e hlahisa 2,4,ω-trichloroacetophenone, e sebelisoang e le sebui sa sethethefatsi sa antifungal sa miconazole se pharaletseng. Karabelo ea chlorination e etsoa boteng ba ferric chloride kapa aluminium mercury, haholo-holo e hlahisa 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. Boteng ba catalyst, e haelloa ke hydrolyzed ho 550-850°C ho hlahisa m-chlorophenol le resorcinol. Ha e sebelisa copper oxide e le catalyst, e arabela le ammonia e matla ho 150-200°C tlas'a khatello ho hlahisa m-phenylenediamine.
2. E sebelisoa tlhahisong ea dae, metsoako ea tlhaho ea motsoako le li-solvents.
Lintlha tsa chefo:
1. Chefo e matla: toeba intraperitoneal LD50: 1062mg/kg, ha ho lintlha tse qaqileng ntle le tekanyo e bolaeang;
2. Lintlha tsa chefo ea tekanyo e ngata: TDLo ea molomo ea rat: 1470 mg/kg/10D-I, phetoho ea boima ba sebete le sebete, metabolism eohle ea limatlafatsi, thibelo ea calcium-enzyme, liphetoho tse bakoang kapa liphetoho maemong a mali kapa a lisele-phosphatase ;
TDLo e nooang ea Rat: 3330mg/kg/90D-I, liphetoho tsa endocrine, liphetoho likarolong tsa mali le serum (tse kang li-polyphenol tsa tee, bilirubin, k'holeseterole), thibelo ea li-enzyme tsa biochemical, e bakang kapa e fetolang maemo a mali kapa a lisele - ho felloa ke oksijene Phetoho ea li-enzyme
3. Lintlha tsa phetoho ea liphatsa tsa lefutso: phetoho ea liphatsa tsa lefutso le ho kopanya ha mitosis Sistimi ea TEKO: Yeast-Saccharomyces cerevisiae: 5ppm;
Teko ea micronucleus Sistimi ea TEKO ea Intraperitoneal: rat ea rodent: 175mg/kg/24H.
4. Chefo e tlase hanyane ho feta ea o-dichlorobenzene, 'me e ka monngoa ka letlalo le ka har'a lera la mucous. E ka baka tšenyo ea sebete le liphio. Khakanyo ea mokelikeli oa monko ke 0.2mg/L (boleng ba metsi).
5. Chefo e matla LD50: 1062mg/kg (toeba e kenngoa ka methapo); 1062mg/kg (mokoti oa mpa oa toeba)
6. Ho halefisa Ha ho na tlhahisoleseding
7. Phetoho ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa mutagenic le ho kopana ha mitotic: Saccharomyces cerevisiae 5ppm. Teko ea micronucleus: tsamaiso ea 175mg/kg (lihora tse 24) ka hare ho peritoneal ho litoeba.
8. Khanseleji Tlhahlobo ea IARC ea khanseleji: Sehlopha sa 3, bopaki bo teng bo ke ke ba arola khanseleji ea motho.
Nako ea poso: Mots'eanong-22-2025




