1,3-Dichlorobenzene ke mokelikeli o se nang 'mala o monko o monate. Ha e qhibilihe ka metsing, e qhibiliha joala le ether. Chefo 'meleng oa motho, e hlabang mahlo le letlalo. E ka chesa 'me e ka kena ka chlorination, nitration, sulfnation, le hydrolysis reactions. E sebetsa ka mabifi le aluminium mme e sebelisoa ho organic synthesis.

1. Thepa: mokelikeli o se nang 'mala o monko o monate.
2. Sebaka se qhibilihang (℃): -24.8
3. Sebaka se belang (℃): 173
4. Boima ba kamano (metsi = 1): 1.29
5. Boima ba mouoane bo amanang (moea=1): 5.08
6. Khatello ea mouoane (kPa): 0.13 (12.1℃)
7. Mocheso oa mollo (kJ / mol): -2952.9
8. Mocheso oa bohlokoa (℃): 415.3
9. Khatello e boima (MPa): 4.86
10. Octanol/coefficient ea karohano ea metsi: 3.53
11. Ntlha e phatsimang (℃): 72
12. Mocheso oa mocheso (℃): 647
13. Moeli o ka holimo oa ho phatloha (%): 7.8
14. Moeli o ka tlaase oa ho phatloha (%): 1.8
15. Sollubility: ha e qhibilihe ka metsing, ha e qhibilihe ka har'a ethanol le ether, 'me e qhibiliha ha bonolo ka har'a acetone.
16. Viscosity (mPa·s, 23.3ºC): 1.0450
17. Sebaka sa ho besa (ºC): 648
18. Mocheso oa mouoane (KJ / mol, bp): 38.64
19. Mocheso oa sebopeho (KJ / mol, 25ºC, metsi): 20.47
20. Mocheso oa ho tuka (KJ / mol, 25ºC, metsi): 2957.72
21. Matla a khethehileng a mocheso (KJ/(kg·K), 0ºC, mokelikeli): 1.13
22. Sollubility (%, metsi, 20ºC): 0.0111
23. Boima ba kamano (25 ℃, 4 ℃): 1.2828
24. Tloaelehileng mocheso refractive index (n25): 1.5434
25. Tekanyetso ea ho qhibiliha (J·cm-3) 0.5: 19.574
26. Sebaka sa Van der Waals (cm2 · mol-1): 8.220×109
27. Van der Waals bophahamo ba modumo (cm3 · mol-1): 87.300
28. Tekanyetso ea mohato oa mokelikeli o batla mocheso (enthalpy) (kJ·mol-1): -20.7
29. Mokhahlelo oa mokelikeli o tloaelehileng oa ho qhibiliha o chesang (J·mol-1·K-1): 170.9
30. Tekanyetso ea mohato oa khase e bolela mocheso (enthalpy) (kJ·mol-1): 25.7
31. Entropy e tloaelehileng ea mohato oa khase (J·mol-1·K-1): 343.64
32. Matla a tloaelehileng a mahala a sebopeho mokhahlelong oa khase (kJ·mol-1): 78.0
33. Mokhahlelo oa khase o qhibilihisa mocheso o chesang (J·mol-1·K-1): 113.90

Mokhoa oa ho boloka
Litlhokomelo bakeng sa polokelo [Boloka sebakeng sa polokelo se pholileng se nang le moea o pholileng. Qoba hole le mehloli ea mollo le mocheso. Boloka setshelo se koetsoe ka thata. E lokela ho bolokoa ka thoko ho li-oxidants, aluminium, le lik'hemik'hale tse jeoang, 'me u qobe polokelo e tsoakiloeng. Ho hlomelloa ka mefuta e fapaneng e loketseng le bongata ba lisebelisoa tsa mollo. Sebaka sa polokelo se lokela ho ba le lisebelisoa tsa phekolo ea tšohanyetso tse lutlang le lisebelisoa tse loketseng tsa polokelo.

Rarolla tharollo:

Mekhoa ea ho lokisetsa ke e latelang. Ho sebelisoa chlorobenzene e le thepa e tala bakeng sa chlorination e eketsehileng, p-dichlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene le m-dichlorobenzene li fumanoa. Mokhoa o akaretsang oa karohano o sebelisa dichlorobenzene e tsoakiloeng bakeng sa distillation e tsoelang pele. Para- le meta-dichlorobenzene e silafatsoa ho tloha ka holim'a tora, p-dichlorobenzene e potlakisoa ke leqhoa le kristale, 'me joala ba' mè bo lokisoa hore bo fumane meta-dichlorobenzene. O-dichlorobenzene ke flash distilled ka tora ea flash ho fumana o-dichlorobenzene. Hajoale, dichlorobenzene e tsoakiloeng e amohela mokhoa oa ho adsorption le karohano, e sebelisa sieve ea limolek'hule joalo ka adsorbent, mme karolo ea khase e tsoakiloeng ea dichlorobenzene e kena tora ea adsorption, e ka khethang p-dichlorobenzene, 'me mokelikeli o setseng ke meta le ortho dichlorobenzene. Tokiso ho fumana m-dichlorobenzene le o-dichlorobenzene. Mocheso oa adsorption ke 180-200 ° C, 'me khatello ea adsorption ke khatello e tloaelehileng.

1. Meta-phenylenediamine diazotization mokhoa: Meta-phenylenediamine e diazotized boteng ba sodium nitrite le sulfuric acid, mocheso oa diazotization ke 0～5℃, 'me mokelikeli oa diazonium o hydrolyzed ka pel'a cuprous chloride ho hlahisa intercalation. Dichlorobenzene.

2. Mokhoa oa Meta-chloroaniline: Ho sebelisoa meta-chloroaniline e le lisebelisoa tse tala, diazotization e etsoa ka pel'a sodium nitrite le hydrochloric acid, 'me metsi a diazonium a hydrolyzed ka pel'a cuprous chloride ho hlahisa meta-dichlorobenzene.

Har'a mekhoa e 'maloa ea ho itokisa ka holimo, mokhoa o loketseng ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa indasteri le litšenyehelo tse tlaase ke mokhoa oa ho arola oa adsorption oa dichlorobenzene e tsoakiloeng. Ho se ho na le lisebelisoa tsa tlhahiso Chaena bakeng sa tlhahiso.

Sepheo se seholo:

1. E sebelisoa ho organic synthesis. Karabelo ea Friedel-Crafts lipakeng tsa m-dichlorobenzene le chloroacetyl chloride e fana ka 2,4,ω-trichloroacetophenone, e sebelisoang e le sebaka sa mahareng bakeng sa sethethefatsi sa antifungal se sephara sa miconazole. Karabelo ea chlorination e etsoa ka pel'a ferric chloride kapa aluminium mercury, haholo-holo e hlahisang 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. Boteng ba catalyst, e hydrolyzed ho 550-850 ° C ho hlahisa m-chlorophenol le resorcinol. E sebelisa koporo ea oxide e le mokelikeli, e sebetsana le ammonia e tsitsitseng ho 150-200 ° C tlas'a khatello ea ho hlahisa m-phenylenediamine.
2. E sebelisoa ha ho etsoa dae, organic synthesis intermediates le solvents.

Lintlha tsa toxicological:

1. Chefo e matla: mouse intraperitoneal LD50: 1062mg/kg, ha ho lintlha ntle le tekanyo e bolaeang;

2. Lintlha tsa chefo ea mefuta e mengata: TDLo oral rat: 1470 mg/kg/10D-I, phetoho ea boima ba sebete-lebete, metabolism e feletseng ea limatlafatsi, khalsiamo-enzyme inhibition, liphetoho tse bakoang kapa liphetoho maling kapa lisele-phosphatase;

Rat oral TDLo: 3330mg/kg/90D-I, liphetoho tsa endocrine, liphetoho likarolong tsa mali-serum (tse kang tee polyphenols, bilirubin, k'holeseterole), inhibition ea biochemical-enzyme, ho susumetsa kapa ho fetola maemo a mali kapa lisele-dehydrogenation Phetoho ea Enzyme

3. Lintlha tsa Mutagenicity: phetoho ea liphatsa tsa lefutso le mitosis recombinationTEST tsamaiso: Yeast-Saccharomyces cerevisiae: 5ppm;

Tlhahlobo ea micronucleus tsamaiso ea IntraperitonealTEST: rodent-rat: 175mg/kg/24H.

4. Chefo e fokotseha hanyenyane ho feta ea o-dichlorobenzene, 'me e ka kenngoa ka letlalo le lera la mucous. E ka baka tšenyo ea sebete le liphio. Monyetla oa monko oa monko ke 0.2mg/L (boleng ba metsi).

5. Chefo e matla LD50: 1062mg/kg (mouse intravenous); 1062mg/kg (mokoti oa mpa ea toeba)

6. Ho halefisa Ha ho na tlhahisoleseding

7. Phetoho ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa Mutagenic le recombination ea mitotic: Saccharomyces cerevisiae 5ppm. Teko ea micronucleus: tsamaiso ea intraperitoneal ea 175mg / kg (24h) ho litoeba

8. Carcinogenicity IARC carcinogenicity review: Sehlopha sa 3, bopaki bo teng bo ke ke ba arola kankere ea batho.